Apparatus and method for filling containers

ABSTRACT

There is provided a method and apparatus for filling at least one but typically a plurality of containers simultaneously with a predetermined quantity of flowable particulate or powder material. The method and apparatus allow the movement of the flowable particulate or powder material from a hopper into a filling assembly including channels located intermediate the containers and the hopper such that the exit ends of the channels are aligned with a respective container. Movement means cause relative movement between the said channels and the containers from a first position to a second position in which a second, exit, opening in the channels is located in a respective container cavity and moving flowable material from the hopper into a first, entrance opening of the channels so as to allow the predetermined quantity of the flowable material to pass through the channel under the influence of gravity and into the container cavity and then moving the channels and containers apart once the predetermined amount of flowable material has been entered into the containers. The size and shape and/or relative movement of the channels can be defined in order to accurately determine the said predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material which enters each of the containers even when the weight of the flowable particulate or powder material is relative light.

The invention to which this application relates is an apparatus and method which allows for the improved movement of flowable material, such as, but not exclusively, seeds, grains, powder, granules, foodstuffs, liquids, tablets or the like, into one or more containers and to allow a predefined quantity of the material to be dispensed into the container in a controlled manner. Typically, the predefined quantity will be sufficient to at least partially fill the container and more typically substantially fill the container.

Typically, once the container has been filled, the same can be moved so that an opening into the same is sealed, and may be cut or separated and, in one embodiment, the container can then form a retail pack or, in combination with other containers, a retail pack.

In many instances of use, it is desired to provide to an end-user, a quantity of a material in a known or predetermined amount so that the user can then use the material for an end purpose such as, for example, as part of a recipe, or the like or in a known amount for a medical purpose and where it is important that the said material is provided in a predetermined amount and/or avoids the need for the end-user to have to independently measure the quantity. In addition, or alternatively, it may be required to provide a desired number of material items such as, for example, a number of seeds or tablets which are to be provided as part of a retail pack at a particular price. Furthermore, it may be desired that the containers are of a particular size and there is a need to be able to accurately and repeatedly fill the container.

It is known to provide this form of container to end-users and conventionally a quantity of the material is poured into an opening into the container until the container is full. However, when attempts are made to do this on a larger scale, the process is found to be inefficient and can cause significant wastage of material.

It is also known to provide apparatus and a method which allows a plurality of said containers to be filled with the same material simultaneously and then allow the containers to be subsequently sealed, and may be cut or separated to form the retail pack. However, it is found that the apparatus and method of the conventional form, while suited to the filling of relatively small volume containers, is difficult to increase in capacity in terms of the number of containers which can be filled at any one time and/or the size of the containers.

As such the filling of containers with a flowable material is still regarded as problematic and is relatively inefficient and so increasing the cost of the final pack and the potential wastage of material is still relatively high.

An aim of the present invention is therefore to provide apparatus and a method which allows the filling of one containers, or a number of containers simultaneously and accurately so that each of the containers which are to be filled, can be confidently predicted to include the required quantity of the material to a predetermined amount prior to the container being sealed.

A further aim is to allow the apparatus and method to be performed accurately and repeatedly to thereby ensure that containers from different batches, will still be filled to the predetermined amount.

A yet further aim of the invention is to allow the apparatus to be adaptable in terms of the quantity of the material which is to be placed into the container so as to allow the apparatus to be used to fill containers of different sizes in terms of capacity and/or volume and also in terms of the amount of material which is required to be placed into the container.

In a first aspect of the invention there is provided apparatus for the provision of a predetermined amount of a flowable particulate or powder material into a cavity in at least one container via an opening therein, said apparatus including a supply of the flowable particulate or powder material held in a hopper, a support means to support said at least one container and, intermediate the said supply hopper and the said at least one container there is provided a filling assembly, said filling assembly including a channel through which said flowable particulate or powder material moves and into said at least one container, said channel having a first entrance opening located in connection with said supply hopper which is located above said channel so as to allow said flowable particulate or powder material to move from the supply hopper into the channel under gravity and a second, exit, opening located above the container so as to allow the flowable particulate or powder material to flow from the channel and into the container cavity under gravity and wherein the apparatus includes movement means provided to cause relative movement between the at least one container and the channel of the filling assembly along an axis which is substantially parallel with, or the same as, the longitudinal axis of the said channel to allow the said second, exit, opening of the channel to be at least partially located within the container cavity when the flowable particulate or powder material is entering the channel and said flowable particulate or powder material flowing from the hopper and into the cavity in a direction substantially along said axis.

In one embodiment, the movement means is provided so as to achieve the change from the first position to the second position prior to the flowable material entering the channel. Typically, when the channel is in the second position, the flowable material is passed from the supply of the flowable material, typically held in a reservoir or hopper, into the entrance and flows through the channel to the exit so as to substantially fill the channel and in which the flowable material is trapped.

Typically, when the channel is full, the movement means causes the movement to the first position so as to remove the channel from the container and leave the flowable material in the container.

In one embodiment, the channel dimensions are selected to be such that when the same is full, it contains the predetermined amount of the flowable material which is desired to be placed into the container.

In one embodiment, different channels can be selectively located with the apparatus with the particular channel which is selected being dependent on the particular quantity of flowable material which is to be placed into the container in that instant of use.

In one embodiment, suitable channels are fitted to the apparatus so as to be used in conjunction with a particular container such that the amount of flowable material from the channel matches the quantity of material which is required to be deposited in the container.

In one embodiment, the channel is adjustable in its size or capacity so as to allow the same channel to be used but adjusted in size and position so as to suit the particular predetermined amount of flowable material and/or size of container in relation to which the same is to be used at that instant of time.

In one embodiment, the channel is provided in the form of a telescopic arrangement of tubes so as to allow relative sliding movement between said tubes and hence alter the capacity of the channel.

In one embodiment, the particular size of the channel is determined by the movement of the channel to the second position and in the setting of the distance of the channel entrance of the channel from the base of the container when the channel exit is in contact with the base of the container.

In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a stop which is located so as to define the extent of movement of the channel to the second position.

In one embodiment, the location of the stop is adjustable to thereby allow setting of the size of the channel.

In one embodiment, the flowable material is moved from the hopper into the channel entrance by the use of one or more wiper blades which are moves along the surface of the hopper with which the entrance of the channel is substantially flush and the material can flow into the channel until the level of the material is substantially flush with the entrance and the said hopper surface.

In one embodiment, the channel includes, or is located with a biasing means such as a plate or other weighting material which biases the channel exit towards contact with the base of the container to which the same is desired to be located when in the second position.

In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a plurality of channels in a predefined configuration and each channel is then available so as to be able to be used to fill a container.

Typically, it is the channels which are moved between the first and second positions with respect to the containers and thereby allow the simultaneous filling of the containers with predetermined amounts of the flowable material.

Typically, once the containers have been filled, and the filling means withdrawn to the first position, the filled containers can be moved to a subsequent station at which the openings into the containers can be sealed and hence the flowable material contained within the container.

In one embodiment the apparatus includes a vibrating plate acted upon by a reciprocating motor to move the same in a reciprocal manner and so as to impart vibration to the at least one container.

In one embodiment the flowable material is a powder or particulate material and/or may be in the form of plant material.

In a further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of filling a plurality of containers with predetermined amounts of flowable particulate or powder material, said method comprising placing the flowable particulate or powder material in a hopper, placing a plurality of containers, each of which has a cavity in which a predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material is to be received, in a configuration matching the configuration of a plurality of filling assembly channels located intermediate the containers and the hopper such that the first, entrance openings into the channels are connected with the hopper and the containers are aligned with a respective second, exit, opening of the channels and wherein movement means cause relative movement between the said channels and the containers between a first position and a second position and in the second position the second, exit, openings of the respective channels are located in a respective container cavity and flowable particulate or powder material moves from the hopper into the first, entrance opening of the channels and, under the influence of gravity, the flowable particulate or powder material moves into the channels so as to allow a predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material defined as the quantity which is contained in the channel, to pass under the influence of gravity through the channels and into the container cavity and moving the channels and containers apart once the predetermined quantity of flowable particulate or powder material has entered into the respective containers.

In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of moving said containers once they have received the predetermined quantity of flowable material to allow an opening into the containers to be sealed and retain the flowable material in the container.

In one embodiment, the flowable material is moved into the respective filling means by use of one or more wiper blades which pass along the surface of the hopper in which the channel entrances are located.

In one embodiment, the entrances lie substantially flush with the base surface of the hopper.

In one embodiment, the method includes the step of replacing the channels from the apparatus and installing a new group or set of channels which have a different dimension to those of the channels which have been replaced and thereby allow the apparatus to be adaptable in terms of the container sizes which can be filled with the predetermined amounts of material and for the predetermined amounts to be selectable.

In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of adjusting one or more control means such as stops, in order to allow the size of the channels and hence the predetermined amounts of material which can be held therein, to be adjusted.

In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided apparatus for the moving of a quantity of a flowable particulate or powder material into one or more containers, said apparatus comprising location or support means for the said one or more containers, said one or more containers each having a cavity into which the said quantity of flowable material is to be moved, a hopper in which said flowable particulate or powder material is held and obtained and moved under the influence of gravity into the container via a filling means including a channel through which the flowable particulate or powder material moves from the hopper and into the said cavity, said filling means channel located, during the movement of the flowable material, at least partially within the cavity and wherein there is relative movement between the said container and the filling means once the flowable material quantity has been introduced into the cavity and during the dispensation of the said quantity of particulate or powder material.

In one embodiment, the relative movement is achieved by movement of the container relative to the filling means which, in one embodiment, is held stationary.

In one embodiment, the said movement of the container, is along an axis which is substantially parallel with, or is the same axis as, the longitudinal axis of the said filling means.

In one embodiment, the filling means channel includes two opposed openings, a first, entrance, opening through which the flowable material enters the filling means from the hopper and a second exit opening at the opposite end to the first opening through which the flowable material leaves the filling means and the said second opening is located in the cavity and intermediate the base of the container and the opening into the container during the movement of the flowable material into the container cavity thereby leaving a space between the second end of the filling means and the base of the cavity which allows part of the flowable material to fill the container cavity in that space.

In one embodiment, the relative movement between the filling means and the container, commences while the flowable material quantity is passing through the filling means so that flowable material may still be entering the container cavity to fill the same with the required quantity, whilst the container and the filling means are being moved apart.

Typically, once the said container has been moved away from the filling means and filled with the required quantity of the flowable material, the container is moved along an axis so as to provide sufficient space for a new container to be introduced under the filling means and then the sequence of filling of the new container commences and is a repeat of the sequence for the previous container.

Typically, a plurality of containers are filled with respective quantities of flowable material at the same time and the location means allows the containers to be provided in a predetermined configuration which matches the configuration of a plurality of filling means so that there is provided a filling means for each of the said containers.

In one embodiment the size of the filling means channel in terms of shape and/or length is selected with respect to the quantity of the flowable material which is to be placed into the container and/or the dimensions of the container.

In one embodiment means are provided to import vibration to the container, and hence level the flowable material and minimising “heaping” of the dispensed flowable material.

There is therefore provided in accordance with the invention a method and apparatus for filling at least one but typically a plurality of containers simultaneously with a predetermined quantity of flowable particulate or powder material. The method and apparatus allow the movement of the flowable particulate or powder material from a hopper into a filling assembly including channels located intermediate the containers and the hopper such that the exit ends of the channels are aligned with a respective container. Movement means cause relative movement between the said channels and the containers from a first position to a second position in which a second, exit, opening in the channels is located in a respective container cavity and moving flowable material from the hopper into a first, entrance opening of the channels so as to allow the predetermined quantity of the flowable material to pass through the channel under the influence of gravity and into the container cavity and then moving the channels and containers apart once the predetermined amount of flowable material has been entered into the containers. The size and shape and/or relative movement of the channels can be defined in order to accurately determine the said predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material which enters each of the containers even when the weight of the flowable particulate or powder material is relative light.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates in a schematic manner, a series of steps which can be followed using apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate component parts of the adjustable channel used in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates in a schematic manner a second embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the invention;

FIGS. 4a-4c illustrate apparatus in accordance with one configuration;

FIG. 5 illustrates the apparatus in accordance with the second configuration in relation to a first type of container;

FIG. 6 illustrates the apparatus in the configuration of FIG. 5 in use with a second type of container;

FIG. 7a illustrates an embodiment of apparatus in accordance with the invention during the filling of the container with a quantity of material; and

FIG. 7b illustrates a filled container.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring firstly to FIGS. 1, 2 a and 2 b, there is illustrated apparatus in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention and the method of use of the same.

The apparatus comprises in accordance with this embodiment, a hopper or reservoir 2 in which a quantity of a flowable material 4 is provided. The hopper has a surface 6 and flush with the surface 6 there is provided an entrance opening 8 of a channel 10 which has an exit opening or openings 12. The apparatus also includes a support 14 on which there is located, in this case, one container 16 which is shown in cross-section. The purpose of the invention is to allow a predetermined quantity of the flowable material 4 to be introduced into the container 16 through the opening 17 in a controlled and managed manner so as to ensure that the required predetermined quantity of the material 4 is located in the container and the container can then be moved on for sealing and sale. In order to achieve this, then in the embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2 a and 2 b, the first step shown in step 1 is to operate a stop 18 which is located on the surface 14 and which has a free end 20 which is selectively positionable as indicated by arrow 22. The variation in the position of the free end 20, is to determine the location of the entrance 8 of the channel 10 with respect to surface 14 and hence the base 24 of the container 16. This is achieved by adjusting the free end 22 to a required height so as to be contactable with the underside 26 of the surface 6 of the hopper.

Once the position of the stop 18 has been selected with respect to the size of the container 16 and the quantity of flowable material to be located in the same, then movement means in the form, in one example, of a motor acting on a drive pulley or pulleys connected to a frame in which the channel is formed or located are driven or in another form the movement of the frame and channel with respect to the container can be achieved by a user pushing down on the frame against a biasing means in the form, for example of one or more springs. In each of these embodiments there is provided relative movement between the channel 10 and the container 16 and in this embodiment, the relevant movement is achieved by movement of the hopper and channel downwardly as indicated by arrow 28 so as to move the underside 26 of the surface 6 into contact with the free end 20 of the stop 18. This then determines the distance X from the entrance 8 of the channel to the base 24 of the container 16 and also provides the effect of moving the channel from the first position to the second position in which the exit 12 of the channel is in contact with the base 24 of the container. At this point therefore the hatched area of the channel 30 determines the available volume of the same which can receive the flowable material 4 therein and as shown in step 3, the flowable material is moved into the channel 10 by the use of a wiper blade 32 which is moved as indicated by arrow 34 along the surface 6 and hence causes the flowable material to flow into a channel through the entrance 8 as indicated by arrow 36 and with the flowable material moving under the influence of gravity as the hopper is positioned above the channel as shown in step 3. Thus, with the channel 10 filled with the flowable particulate or powder material, so the user can be certain that the amount of flowable material in the channel 10 is the same as the required predetermined amount of the material 4 which is required to be located in the container and therefore, at this stage, and as shown in step 4, the hopper 2 and channel 10 can be moved as indicated by arrow 38 in step 4 upwardly and away from the stop so that the flowable particulate or powder material is left to fill the cavity under the influence of gravity and the apparatus is moved to the first position once more.

It will be appreciated that as the position of the free end 20 of the stop 18, is adjustable, so there is a need for the channel to be adjustable and in this embodiment, this is achieved by providing the channel as having first and second parts 40, 42 which are relatively slidably moveable along an access 44 so as to allow the volume 30 which is defined by the channel in the second position, to be adjustable to reflect the position of the stop. The first and second parts 40, 42 are shown in greater detail in FIGS. 2a and 2b and it will be appreciated that the first and second parts are provided as tubes which are slidingly moveable in a telescopic manner and the first part has the entrance 8 defined therein and the second part has the exit 12 defined therein and one or both of the parts may include airholes 46 which allow the escape of any air and hence ensure that the volume 30 is always available for filling completely by the flowable material 4.

In one embodiment, biasing means can be provided in the form of a spring 48 or other biasing means such as a plate or weighted material can be provided which act on the lower part 42 of the channel in order to bias the same towards an extended position away from the first tube so as to ensure that the same always extends to the required length and hence the available volume of the channel is always as great as required for that particular use.

FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which the steps 2, 3 and 4 as described in FIG. 1 can be performed so as to allow the material 4 to be moved into the channel 10, again under the influence of gravity via the opening 8 and with the exit 12 being shown, when in the second position as shown in FIG. 2 in contact with the base 24 of the container 16. However, in this case, the apparatus is used for filling of containers of the same size at all times and hence the channel 10 is formed of a one-piece and therefore is not required to be adjusted in length and furthermore, the stop 18 is not required to be used. However, the hopper 2 and channel 10 are still required to be moved from a first position in which the exit 12 is raised from the base 24 of the container and a second position in which the exit 12 is in contact with the container as shown in FIG. 3 and when in this position, the flowable material can be introduced into the channel 10 as illustrated by an arrow 36 to fill the same.

FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate a first configuration of apparatus in accordance with the invention and, in this case, the channel is formed of two parts 40 and 42.

It will be appreciated that in this configuration, there is provided a common hopper 2 which has a base surface 6 in which there are provided a plurality of channel entrances 8 as illustrated in FIG. 4 c.

Once again, a stop is provided which allow the movement of the surface 6 with respect to the support 14 for a number of containers 16 to be selected and it will be shown that in this case, the containers are supported in the same configuration of 4 by 6 as are the channels 10 so that 24 containers can be filled simultaneously in accordance with this configuration of the apparatus.

The method of filling the containers 10 simultaneously utilises the same steps as described with respect to FIG. 1 and therefore will not be described again but it will be appreciated that the current invention is adaptable and allows many different configurations of use to be achieved. Furthermore, in this example, there is shown in FIG. 4a that a counterweight mechanism 50 can be utilised in order to bias and balance the operation of the movement means between the first and second position and further mechanical guidance may be provided to allow the guided movement between the hopper and channels and the containers between the first and second positions.

It will be appreciated that the invention can be used with many different types of containers and FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a further embodiment of the apparatus in a different configuration and in which the same reference numerals as used previously, are used again for the same common components. It will also be appreciated that in this case, the containers and channels, are provided in a linear configuration along the axis 52 and that the containers are moved in stepped intervals along a support means which in this embodiment is in the form of a conveyor system so as to allow the required number of containers to be located under the channels to be filled simultaneously. Furthermore, FIG. 5 illustrates the manner in which the containers 16 can be of the “pot” configuration whilst in FIG. 6, there are illustrated containers 16 in the form of bags which can be filled equally as easily as the pot containers in accordance with the invention.

In FIG. 7a there is illustrated a further embodiment of the invention and in this Figure there is shown a cross section of a single container 102 for ease of illustration but more typically a plurality of containers will be filled at the same time and the containers are provided in a predetermined configuration. Each of the containers includes a base 106, sidewalls 104,108 and these define a cavity 110, and an opening 112 is provided which leads into the said cavity. The containers are provided in the required configuration on location or support means such as a grid with a series of defined areas or apertures each of which is provided for the location of a container therein with their opening 112 positioned upwardly and typically under the filling apparatus 113. The filling means includes a frame 114 which locates thereon, a channel 116 or a plurality of channels 116.

The channel 116 has a first, entrance, opening 122 and an opposed, exit, opening 124 and in each case there is a known predetermined length 126, between the said openings and it will be appreciated that for different sized capacity containers different shaped and capacity channels can be used than that shown in FIG. 7a Typically therefore groups of channels with the same dimensions will be available and can be selectively fitted to the filling assembly to allow the same to be adapted to match the filling requirements at that time of use. Above and/or to one side of the entrance opening 122 of the channel, there is provided a hopper 128 of the flowable material, such as a powder, granules or the like. A movement means, for example in the form of a wiper blade, similar to that already described, is provided to move at least some of the flowable material in said hopper across the base surface or plate 129 in which the entrance openings 122 of the respective filling means channel 116 are located and thereby allow a quantity 130 of the flowable material to pass into the first, entrance, opening 122 into the filling means channel 116 under gravity.

To commence filling, the container 102 is moved so that the cavity 110 is positioned so that the flowable material which enters the entrance opening 122 of the filling means channel 116, flows through the filling means channel 116 and into the cavity 110. As the filling means channel is of a predetermined size, then the amount of flowable material which is held in the filling means channel is known and thereby, once it has passed through into the container, the amount of the flowable material 110 in the cavity of the container is also known to be within a predefined range which is acceptable for the purpose.

Movement means are again provided and in this case the support or location means on which the containers are moved with respect to the filling means channels 116, by in one embodiment a motor acting on movable members on the underside of the support means or alternatively acting directly on the underside of each of the containers to allow the container 102, to be moved towards the filling means channel as indicated by arrow 132 to allow the same to be in position to be filled with the filling means channel 116 and exit opening 124 located in the cavity 110 and then, once the flow of the flowable material has commenced under gravity into the cavity of the container, or after all of the flowable material has entered the cavity, the container 104 is then moved away from the filling means channel as indicated by arrow 134 so as to allow the filled container to be moved away from the apparatus to a position as shown in FIG. 7b in which the filing means channel 116 is removed from the cavity 110 hence leaving in the cavity 10 of the container 102 the required quantity 130 of the flowable material which typically will settle in the container cavity 110.

Typically, the opening 112 into the container 102 is then sealed and the same can be used, for example as a retail pack or medication pack or the like. A new set of empty containers 102 can then be introduced for filling and the sequence is repeated.

This embodiment therefore means that the exit opening 124 of the filling means channel 116 need not contact the base 106 of the cavity 110 and so there is a gap between the opening 124 and the base into which the flowable material flows from the filling means and the subsequent movement of the container away from the filling means then allows the remainder of the required quantity of the flowable material quantity 130 to leave the filling means channel 116 and flow into the container cavity 110 as illustrated in FIG. 7b . It is believed that this embodiment may minimise the risk of blockage of the flowable material in the filling means and also may reduce the time required to fill each cavity 110 of the container 102.

In one embodiment the container and/or support therefore and/or filling means channel 116 may be vibrated during filling to prevent “heaping” of the flowable material quantity 130 in the container cavity 110.

There is therefore provided in accordance with the invention, improvements to apparatus for introducing predetermined quantities of a flowable particulate or powder material into a container and which can be provided of to allow a plurality of containers to be filled simultaneously and with a reduced risk of the flowable material from becoming stuck or blocked in the filling means as the exit opening 124 of the filling means channel 116 is not required to contact the base 106 of the container.

In accordance with all of the embodiments of the invention the required quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material can be moved into the containers and done accurately so as to ensure that each filled container has a quantity of the flowable material located therein which is within a predetermined tolerance range of accuracy which is much improved with respect to conventional systems and particularly in relation to relatively low weight quantities of the material for each container as is required for example, for herbs, spices and other ingredients which are provided for onward supply for use by customers in for example recipes. 

1. An apparatus for filling a predetermined amount of a flowable particulate or powder material into a cavity in at least one container via an opening in the at least one container, said apparatus comprising: a hopper that holds the flowable particulate or powder material; a support means that supports the at least one container; a filling assembly intermediate said hopper and the at least one container, said filling assembly comprising a channel through which the flowable particulate or powder material can flow into the at least one container, said channel having a first entrance opening located in connection with said hopper which is located above said channel so as to allow the flowable particulate or powder material to move from the hopper into said channel under gravity and a second, exit, opening located above the container so as to allow the flowable particulate or powder material to flow from said channel into the container cavity under gravity; and a movement means that selectively moves the at least one container relative to said channel of said filling assembly along an axis which is substantially parallel with, or overlapping, a longitudinal axis of said channel to position said second, exit, opening of said channel can be selectively positioned least partially within the container cavity by selectively moving the at least one container relative to said channel when the flowable particulate or powder material enters said channel and wherein said channel is configured such that the flowable particulate or powder material flows from said hopper into the cavity in a direction substantially along said longitudinal axis.
 2. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said movement means cause said channel to be located in the container such that the said second opening of said channel is located at the base of the cavity until a required quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material which is to be placed into the cavity is present in said channel.
 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement means is adapted to position said channel in the container such that the said second opening of said channel is located intermediate the base of the cavity and the container opening.
 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement means is configured to commence relative movement between said filling assembly and the container while the flowable particulate or powder material quantity is passing through said channel into the cavity so that the flowable particulate or powder material enters the container cavity to fill the same with a required quantity.
 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said filling assembly comprises a plurality of channels and a location means that positions the containers in a predetermined configuration that matches a configuration of the plurality of channels so that a plurality of containers can simultaneously filled with respective quantities of the flowable particulate or powder material.
 6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a size of said channel in terms of shape and/or length is selected and/or adapted to define a particular quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material which is to be placed into the container at a particular use of the apparatus.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the length of said channel is adjustable.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus further comprises a vibration means to impart vibration to the at least one container.
 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement means is adapted to move said channel of said filling assembly from a first position to a second position at least partially in the container prior to the flowable particulate or powder material entering said channel.
 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said movement means is adapted to move the at least one container towards said second, exit, end of said channel prior to flow of the flowable particulate or powder material through said channel, and wherein said movement means is adapted to move the at least one container away from the second, exit end of said channel as the flowable particulate or powder material flows from, or after the flowable material has flowed from, said second exit end of said channel into the at least one container cavity such that a required quantity of the flowable material is left in the container.
 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a stop that defines the extent of possible relative movement between said channel and the container and wherein a location of the stop is adjustable to reflect a required quantity of flowable material which is to be deposited in the container cavity and/or the size of the container.
 12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the said channels in a group of channels are of the same fixed size and wherein the apparatus further comprises a plurality of groups of channels of different sizes that can be individually selectively used with the apparatus.
 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the said first entrance opening of said at least one channel is substantially flush with a base surface of the said hopper.
 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising a wiper blade that is adapted to selectively move along the base surface of the said hopper to move the flowable particulate or powder material into the first, entrance opening of the said at least one channel.
 15. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flowable particulate or powder material is a plant material.
 16. A method of filling a plurality of containers with predetermined amounts of flowable particulate or powder material, the method comprising placing the flowable particulate or powder material in a hopper, placing a plurality of containers, each of which has a cavity in which a predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material is to be received, in a configuration matching the configuration of a plurality of filling assembly channels located intermediate the containers and the hopper such that the first, entrance openings into the channels are connected with the hopper and the containers are aligned with a respective second, exit, opening of the channels and wherein a movement means cause relative movement between the channels and the containers between a first position and a second position and in the second position the second, exit, openings of the respective channels are located in a respective container cavity and flowable particulate or powder material moves from the hopper into the first, entrance opening of the channels and, under the influence of gravity, the flowable particulate or powder material moves into the channels so as to allow a predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material defined as the quantity which is contained in the channel, to pass under the influence of gravity through the channels and into the container cavity and moving the channels and containers apart once the predetermined quantity of flowable particulate or powder material has entered into the respective containers.
 17. The method according to claim 16 wherein a range of groups of channels can be selectively used, the channels in each group having the same length.
 18. The method according to claim 17 wherein the group of channels which is selected to be fitted to the filling assembly is that which hallows the predetermined quantity of the flowable particulate or powder material to be supplied to the containers.
 19. The method according to claim 16 wherein the channels are telescopic and the length of the same alters during the filling of the containers.
 20. A sealed container including a predetermined amount of a flowable particulate or powder material therein which has been introduced into the container cavity using the method of claim
 16. 21. An apparatus for moving of a quantity of a flowable particulate or powder material into one or more containers, the one or more containers each having a cavity into which the quantity of flowable material is to be moved, said apparatus comprising: a location means for the one or more containers; a hopper adapted to hold the flowable particulate or powder material; a filling means including a channel through which the flowable particulate or powder material moves from said hopper into the cavity under the influence of gravity, wherein said filling means channel is located, during the movement of the flowable material, at least partially within the cavity; and a movement means that moves the container relative to said filling means once the flowable material quantity has been introduced into the cavity and during the dispensation of the said quantity of particulate or powder material. 